Sabotage on the Russian Nord Stream and Nord Stream 2 pipelines occurred at the site of an old chemical weapons dump. Explosions raised dangerous toxins from the bottom, reports Nature.

Photo: Danish DefenseDanish Defense
After the explosions, 11 cubic kilometers of sea water were contaminated. Analysis from the scene showed that substances that got into the water could threaten marine life for a month or more. Chemicals have been left at the bottom since World War II, including mustard gas and arsenic.
According to the calculations of scientists, the total release as a result of explosions at a depth of about 70 meters amounted to 250 thousand tons, while precipitation rose up to a depth of 30 meters. Studies have also shown that any concentration above 5.8 milligrams of sediment per liter of seawater will adversely affect fauna. Experts consider lead and tributyltin compounds, which are used to protect ship hulls, to be the most toxic in the sediments. These substances account for 75 percent of the poisoning effect.
